KAMPUNG PANGAN BERSERI PROGRAM AS AN EFFORT
TO
OVERCOME MALNOURISHED CHILDREN IN
BALIKPAPAN CITY
|
Abstract The Berseri Food
Village Program (PKPB) is a program initiated by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga
Integrated Terminal (IT) Balikpapan through the Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) scheme which aims to address the problem of malnutrition
in Balikpapan City. The purpose of this study was made to add related studies
Kampung Pangan
Berseri Program as an Effort to Overcome
Malnourished Children in Balikpapan City. The
Berseri Food Village program has important components in this program
including basic nutrition education, and management of PMT Mandiri to fulfill
basic nutrition, ecoschool camps, and food self-sufficiency through urban
farming. The method used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative
approach. Data obtained from various sources were analyzed in depth to be
able to describe the overall implementation, benefits and impacts, as well as
evaluation of the PKPM program. The results of the study show that PKPB has
succeeded in increasing the availability of food and nutrition in the people
of Balikpapan City. This program has also succeeded in increasing public
awareness about improving the nutritional quality of children in Balikpapan
City and increasing public awareness in an effort to protect the environment
by increasing urban food self-sufficiency. Keywords: Food Village Program Series
(PKPB), Mal Nutrition, Pertamina, Balikpapan |
INTRODUCTION
Balikpapan City is
one of the cities in Indonesia that has malnutrition problems in children.
According to data from the Balikpapan City Health Office, in 2022, there are
around 10% of children in Balikpapan City who are malnourished. This condition
is caused by various factors such as poverty, lack of food supply, poor
environmental quality, and lack of knowledge (Anisa et al., 2017).
Child malnutrition
is a serious problem still faced by many cities in Indonesia, including
Balikpapan. Malnutrition can have a significant negative impact on a child's
growth and development, including decreased immune system, cognitive
impairment, decreased academic performance, as well as increased risk of
chronic diseases in adulthood (Al-Jawaldeh et al., 2020).
Balikpapan City, as
a center of industry and rapid economic growth, also faces challenges in terms
of malnutrition in children. Factors such as urbanization, dietary changes,
poverty, and lack of access to nutritious food are the main causes of
malnutrition in the city (Ministry of Health, 2018). One of the problem
factors that can lead to new problems is the low level of education, which
results in a lack of information and knowledge about child nutrition. This has
an impact on the emergence of cases of children with malnutrition problems in
Muara Rapak Village and Mekarsari Village. If not handled properly, malnutrition
conditions in children can worsen and cause stunting.
Food independence in
Balikpapan City is one of the focuses in the regional medium-term development
plan (RPJMD) for 2021-2026. This is done to strengthen the independence and welfare
of the people of Balikpapan City, including the fulfillment of basic community
rights including food and nutrition (Balikpapan City RPJMD Regional Regulation 2021-2026,
n.d.). In the 2021 Balikpapan City Local Government Implementation
Report (LPPD), there is a correlation between strategic issues and vision, one
of which is food independence (Balikpapan City Government, 2022). The Balikpapan
City Food, Agriculture, and Fisheries Office also plays a role in food
fulfillment efforts through the P2L (Environment-Based Urban and Rural
Agriculture) program (Chintia, 2022). However, the limited
ability and reach of the government are obstacles that result in the existence
of food insecure areas in Balikpapan City and have not achieved food independence.
Therefore, a program
is needed that can overcome the problem of malnutrition in children in
Balikpapan City. The Serial Food Village Program is one of the programs that
can be implemented to overcome the problem of malnutrition in children in
Balikpapan City. Program initiated by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated
Terminal (IT) Balikpapan through the scheme Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR) aims to increase the availability of food and nutrition of the community
through the development of fisheries in the village environment. In this
program, the community will be equipped with knowledge and skills in fish
farming, so as to increase the availability of food and nutrition in the
surrounding environment (Grahadyarini, 2023). The purpose of this study was made to add related studies Kampung
Pangan Berseri Program as an Effort to Overcome Malnourished Children in
Balikpapan City.
RESEARCH METHODS
This study used
descriptive qualitative research method (Moleong, 2021).
This method was chosen because this study aims to describe the Kampung Pangan
Berseri program as an effort to overcome children with malnutrition in
Balikpapan City. This method also allows researchers to obtain in-depth and
detailed data about the program (Suryana, 2012).
The data that has been collected will be analyzed in depth and detail to get a
clear picture of the Kampung Pangan Berseri program as an effort to overcome
children with malnutrition in Balikpapan City (Fadli, 2021).
RESULT
AND DISCUSSION
According
to Chambers, Community Empowerment is an idea in economic development that
combines existing social values, with a main focus on human aspects, active
participation, empowerment, and sustainability (Chambers,
1984). The concept not only needs to meet basic
needs or provide mechanisms to prevent further processes of poverty. Later, the
concept was developed as an alternative effort to empower the community against
the previous concept.
Sumodiningrat suggested that the concept of community empowerment can be analyzed
from three different perspectives. First, create an environment or atmosphere
that allows the potential of the community to grow and develop. A sign at this
stage is the awareness in society of expandable potential. Empowerment plays a
role in building this foundation by encouraging, motivating, and stimulating
awareness of the potential that exists in society. Second, strengthen the
ability or power possessed by the community. In this aspect, strategic steps
are needed to provide input and open opportunities so that people can prove
their abilities. Empowerment not only focuses on individuals or community
members, but also involves social institutions and structures. Institutional
empowerment involves the values of openness, hard effort, intelligence at work,
and responsibility. Third, empowerment also includes protection. In empowerment
efforts, prevention is needed to protect weak communities from being further
marginalized (Kelimutu
National Park Office, 2021). Therefore, protection and preference for
weak communities is the basis for the concept of community empowerment.
Protecting weak communities is not isolating or closing access to weak
communities, but keeping weak communities dwarfed by those above them. The
escalation of charismatic programs into community empowerment programs needs to
be carried out by the company in order to encourage people to get a better
life.
1.
Program Profile of Kampung Pangan Berseri (Balikpapan Semarak
Innovation)
PT Pertamina Patra Niaga ITBalikpapan implements Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR) programs around its operational areas with a focus on profit, planet, and
people. Their empowerment programs aim to improve community welfare, overcome
the problem of undernutrition in children through supplementary feeding,
protect the environment with a sustainable approach, and increase community
capacity. One of their flagship programs is Kampung Pangan
Berseri (Balikpapan Semarak
Inovasi ), which integrates food independence with
health through fish farming and urban agriculture (Pertamina IT
Balikpapan, 2004).
Kampung
Pangan Berseri is a
community empowerment program that focuses on the integration between food
independence and health. Through the processing of healthy and nutritious food
from fish farming and urban farming, this program seeks to reduce
undernutrition rates in children in urban areas. It also created diversified
business units such as herbal drinks and vegetable snacks, as well as
aquaponics systems and early childhood education.
This
program comes in response to economic challenges and crowded slum conditions in
urban areas. Despite facing obstacles, PT Pertamina
Patra Niaga IT Balikpapan sees potential in posyandu administrators and communities who are eager to
participate in development and solutions. This potential is believed to be
increased for the benefit of society.
2.
Implementation of the Serial Food Village Program
The
implementation of the Serial Food Village program which has been carried out
since 2021, PT Pertamina Patra Niaga
IT Balikpapan has provided support in the form of facilities and
infrastructure, capacity building, skills training, to regular mentoring.
The
problem of undernutrition is still a serious problem in Indonesia, including in
Balikpapan City. Malnutrition in children can cause various health and
developmental problems, such as stunting, lack of protein energy (KEP), and
vitamin A deficiency (KVA). Therefore, efforts are needed to overcome the
problem of undernutrition in children in Balikpapan City. One of the efforts
that can be done is through the Serial Food Village Program implemented by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Regional
Kalimantan can help overcome the problem of malnutrition in children in
Balikpapan City in the following ways:
a.
Basic Nutrition Education
Basic
nutrition education is one of the important components in the Serial Food
Village program. Basic nutrition education aims to increase public knowledge
about basic nutritional information, such as the types of healthy and
nutritious foods, as well as how to cook properly and correctly to maintain the
nutritional quality of food (Pertamina IT
Balikpapan, 2023). With good basic nutrition knowledge, people
can choose and eat healthy and nutritious foods, so as to prevent malnutrition
in children (Anisa et al.,
2017). This activity shows the results that people
who take part in basic nutrition education activities feel more understanding
about the importance of nutrition and how to choose healthy foods (Hartono,
2017).
In
addition to basic nutrition education, knowledge of basic nutrition information
is also important in the Kampung Pangan Berseri program. Knowledge of basic nutritional information
includes an understanding of nutritional needs in children, the types of foods
that contain the nutrients needed, and how to cook properly and correctly to
maintain the nutritional quality of food (Pertamina IT
Balikpapan, 2023) (Wahyudi et
al., 2015). With knowledge of good basic nutritional
information, people can choose and eat healthy and nutritious foods, so as to
prevent malnutrition in children, this shows that people who get knowledge
about basic nutritional information feel better able to choose and consume
healthy and nutritious foods (Andika
Primasiwi, 2018).
b.
Independent PMT Management for Basic Nutrition Fulfillment
The
management of the Independent Nutrition Problem Management Program (PMT) is
also one of the important components in the Serial Food Village program. PMT Mandiri aims to provide food assistance to families in
need, especially families with malnourished children[4] (Ministry of National
Development Planning/ National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas), 2021). With PMT Mandiri,
families in need can meet the nutritional needs of their children, so as to
prevent malnutrition in children. In addition, through the Pertamina
Sehati pillar, PT Pertamina
Patra Niaga IT Balikpapan has distributed additional
food to toddlers in Muara Rapak
and Mekarsari Villages, periodically starting from
2021 to 2023. In 2023, processed food for PMT for vegetable and fish raw
materials will be obtained from hydroponic cultivation and catfish budikdamber managed by the management of the KB Rukun Sejahtera village group, the RT 49 patra janaka group, and the 10 sehati lively posyandu group(Pertamina IT
Balikpapan, 2023).
Table 1.
Distribution of Healthy Food Intake through PMT
|
No |
Year |
Number of Supplementary Feedings (PMT) |
Region |
|
1 |
2021 |
122 PMT for Toddlers |
Muara Rapak & Mekarsari Village |
|
2 |
2022 |
742 PMT for Toddlers |
Muara Rapak & Mekarsari Village |
|
3 |
2023 |
139 PMT for Toddlers |
Muara Rapak & Mekarsari Village |
The
table shows the course of distribution of healthy food intake from 2021-2023,
In addition, in 2023, by raising the issue of undernutrition rates in toddlers
in the RT 11-14 Mekarsari Village area, PT Pertamina Patra Niaga IT
Balikpapan initiated to focus on providing intensive supplementary food for one
month to 7 toddlers who are included in undernutrition with regular assistance
by the Women's Empowerment Office companion Child Protection and Family
Planning (DP3AKB) Balikpapan City. So that a very massive development was
obtained from the results of giving PMT and routine health checks.
Table 2.
Health Development of Undernourished Children
|
No |
Name |
Gender |
Age |
Weight (I) |
Weight Loss (II) |
Weight Loss (III) |
Weight Loss (IV) |
|
1 |
MK |
L |
1
Year 6 Months |
9,1 |
9,120
|
9,150 |
9,180 |
|
2 |
KAF |
P |
2
Years 2 Months |
9,00 |
9,150 |
9,20 |
9,20 |
|
3 |
APZ |
P |
1
Year 2 Months |
7,21 |
7,3 |
7,4 |
7,45 |
|
4 |
SPR |
P |
1
Year 2 Months |
7,5 |
7,4 |
7,8 |
7,9 |
|
5 |
KAR |
P |
1
Year 4 Months |
7,1 |
7,4 |
7,48 |
7,60 |
|
6 |
HFG |
L |
1
Year 3 Months |
7,7 |
7,69 |
7,8 |
7,9 |
|
7 |
H |
P |
1
Year 11 Months |
9,0 |
9,4 |
9,4 |
9,9 |
The
table above shows the development of badab weight of
children who have received healthy food intake through PMT. The table shows the
development of children's weight that gradually increases, this shows the
success of the program that has been running (Pertamina IT
Balikpapan, 2023).
c.
Ecoschool Camp for Early Childhood Education (ECCE)
Students
Capacity
building in developing innovations in the Serial Food Village program also
involves early childhood students who are active in the teaching and learning
process at Rumah Cerdas
PAUD Rukun Sejahtera Mekarsari
Village. Ecoschool Camp, an activity that combines
environmental education with camping activities. This ecoschool
camp aims to provide understanding to children about the importance of
protecting the environment, including nutritional and nutritional aspects. In
the ecoschool camp, children are taught how to plant
and care for plants, sort waste, and cook healthy food (Andreou,
2020). In addition, they are also equipped with an
understanding of the love of vegetables and fruits so that with these
strategies, it is hoped that the Serial Food Village program can help overcome
the problem of malnutrition in children in Balikpapan City and reduce stunting
rates in children(Pertamina IT
Balikpapan, 2004).
d.
Food Independence through Urban Farming
The
implementation of the Serial Food Village program does not only focus on
efforts to handle malnourished children, but optimizes the existing narrow land
in urban areas with slum conditions in the population to be developed with
urban farming activities through aquaponics (mustard pakcoy,
brazilian spinach, kale, and watercress), green house
toga, planting yard plants, and biofloc fish farming
(tilapia and catfish).
Through
this food independence activity, the community is taught to be able to process
their production into processed products in order to add more selling value.
Various activities that have been initiated by PT Pertamina
Patra Niaga IT Balikpapan are programmed as an
integrated program between food independence and posyandu
health services. So, through the community self-capacity building program, it
can help in terms of improving welfare and health in the community (Habibie et
al., 2023).
3.
Program Benefits and Impact
a.
Elements of Innovation
The
Serial Food Village program involves innovation with utilize diversify processed
toga plants and hydroponic results to create a business unit of herbal beverage
and chip products that have HALAL certification. To increase production
capacity and efficiency, PT Pertamina Patra Niaga IT Balikpapan collaborates with universities in creating
a bager crystallization device, replacing the method
of manually stirring herbal powder (Pertamina IT
Balikpapan, 2004).
During
the implementation of this program, the workers in addition to carrying out CSR
responsibilities also contribute with their skills to Advance community. With
the principle of Crate Sharing Value (CSV), workers assist in the creation,
operation, and safety SOPs for the use of these tools. In addition, non-B3 drum
ex-foam waste is reused by community groups as rainwater reservoirs. The
success of this innovation is measured from the efficiency of production time
which was originally 60 minutes to 45 minutes, which has an impact on the use
of LPG gas and is in accordance with the core business of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga IT
Balikpapan (Habibie et
al., 2023).
b.
Economic Impact of Additional Revenue Potential
The
processing of derivative products from toga plants and vegetable cultivation
results through the aquaponics method provides positive benefits for MSME
groups by creating business units. The resulting products include healthy
drinks, herbal powder, vegetable chips, and shredded catfish. These products
include a wide variety of healthy drinks (such as BAGER ginger, lemongrass,
brown sugar, BAGER sarabba, BAGER turmeric asem, BAGER ginger, lemon serei),
herbal powder (turmeric powder, ginger powder, empon-empon
powder, sarabba powder), chips (such as tempeh chips,
spinach chips, ginger cimi, and celery shredded), and
shredded catfish. Through these MSME products, the group managed to sell more
than 300 bottles of healthy drinks and 300 packs of vegetable chip snacks on
average. Increased production results and smooth sales processes contribute to
increased additional income, especially for a group consisting mostly of
housewives (Pertamina IT
Balikpapan, 2023).
Table 3.
MSME Product Revenue Turnover
|
No |
Production Year |
Production Turnover |
|
1 |
2021 |
Rp.
27.552.000 |
|
2 |
2022 |
Rp.
67.085.000 |
|
3 |
2023 |
Rp.
78.808.000 |
c.
Environmental Benefits
The
Serial Food Village program has a positive impact on the environment of RT 10
and RT 49 Muara Rapak
Village and RT 11-14 Mekarsari Village. Through this
program, urban areas, slums, and densely populated villages are transformed
into more organized and neat areas through urban farming activities and yard
plants. In addition, the land that Originally For garbage disposal then
transformed as a place for green house toga and green house aquaponics. In the
RT 49 area of Muara Rapak
Village, an area of 500 m2 is used by the community for toga plants and land
used for an aquaponics green house covering an area
of 1500 m2. Meanwhile, in the RT 10 area of Muara Rapak Village, an area of 300 m2 is managed as a place for biofloc fish pond cultivation (tilapia and catfish) (Pertamina IT
Balikpapan, 2023).
4.
Program Monitoring and Evaluation
The
implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs involves
several stages, one of which is monitoring activities known as monitoring.
Monitoring is a monitoring and review activity that aims to observe
developments and obstacles that arise during program implementation. Monitoring
is an important step for PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Balikpapan in the improvement and
continuity of CSR programs, especially in the context of the Serial Food
Village Program. The company routinely conducts quarterly monitoring of the
program. During the monitoring session, there were discussions between
beneficiaries, stakeholders, and the company. This discussion includes the
achievement of previously planned programs, obstacles that arise, and
activities that are not carried out. This approach is inclusive, allowing
companies, stakeholders, and beneficiaries to contribute with ideas and views
for the progress of the Serial Food Village Program (Habibie et
al., 2023).
Monitoring
and evaluation that has been carried out by the company is also complemented by
assistance to the community in activities in Kampung Pangan
Berseri. Some activities require intensive mentoring
to ensure optimal achievement. This routine practice in monitoring and
mentoring reflects the common goals between beneficiaries and companies in the
Serial Food Village Program. Communication and relationships are important
factors in the successful implementation of CSR programs by companies.
CONCLUSION
The current flagship CSR program of PT
Pertamina Patra Niaga IT Balikpapan is the Serial Food Village Program
(Balikpapan Semarak Innovation). Kampung Pangan Berseri itself is a community
empowerment by implementing urban farming, food independence with health
services. The program prioritizes economic, health, environmental and social
strengthening by benefiting each other. This program is carried out in the
community ring one company, namely Muara Rapak Village and Mekarsari Village of
Balikpapa City, in practice PT Pertamina Patra Niaga IT Balikpapan conducts CSR
program planning at the beginning with the community, then program
implementation is carried out and finally monitoring and evaluation is carried
out to assess the feasibility of the CSR program. The Serial Food Village
program has important components in this program including basic nutrition
education, and the management of PMT Mandiri for the fulfillment of basic
nutrition, ecoschool camp, and food independence through urban farming. With
this program, it is expected to improve the quality of child nutrition in
Balikpapan City and increase public awareness in an effort to protect the
environment by increasing urban food independence.
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Gassing, Catur Yogi Prasetyo, Nico Ferianzo, Fitri Ulul Azizah, Anisa Nur
Jannah (2023)
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