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DESIGN OF STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEM BLUEPRINT
WITH ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE PLANNING METHOD
Reza Jakaria Rahmanto, Wing Wahyu Winarno, M Rudyanto Arief
Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
Abstract
The rapid and dynamic development of information technology in today's digital era has a
significant impact on organizations in managing information and data. This also applies to
universities that need to optimize data and information management in order to improve
service quality and organizational performance. Therefore, it is necessary to design an
appropriate and integrated strategic information system, which is able to support the decision-
making process effectively and efficiently, as well as integrate various functions and
processes in various organizational units on campus. Enterprise is a set of organizations that
have several general goals / principles and / or a baseline. Higher education is one of the
enterprises engaged in education. The increasing need for data and information in business
functions carried out by a university is one of the drivers of the use of information systems in
universities. Therefore, in this study will be designed on 3 (three) architectural models,
namely data architecture, architecture, applications and technology architectures using the
Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) method.
Keywords
:
Information Systems; Enterprise Architecture Planning; Data Architecture;
Application Architecture; Technology Architecture.
INTRODUCTION
The rapid and dynamic development of information technology in today's digital era has
a significant impact on organizations in managing information and data (Wirawan, 2020). This
also applies to universities that need to optimize data and information management in order to
improve service quality and organizational performance. Therefore, it is necessary to design
an appropriate and integrated strategic information system, which is able to support the
decision-making process effectively and efficiently, as well as integrate various functions and
processes in various organizational units on campus.
Another research conducted at Dharma Wacana College stated that the blueprint of
information systems is useful as a foundation for the development of better overall information
systems in the university's business process (Utomo & Wellem, 2013). The research was
conducted using Enterprise Architecture Planning method. The conclusion of the study states
that the functional business model consists of nine function areas (five main function areas and
four supporters) and 123 business functions for a total of 29 organizational units located in one
business location (one building), with 10 different information access locations in the value
chain model and business function mapping matrix with organizational units (Saxton et al.,
1979).
Injuruty: Interdiciplinary Journal and Humanity
Volume 2, Number 6, June 2023
e-ISSN: 2963-4113 and p-ISSN: 2963-3397
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520
In previous research using the zachman framework. The conclusion of the study is that
the resulting SI / IT blueprint can help the course of academic business processes, data
architecture, application architecture and technology architecture so that they are interrelated
and can facilitate the management, delivery of data and information Ekstrom, (2012) and the
Ward and Peppard planning method shows that the use of information technology based on SI
applications is an important part of fulfilling information services and business processes in
higher education organizations (Wyatt & Spiegelhalter, 1991).
Previous research used the Ward and Peppard planning method. Successfully see from
various points of view in terms of internal and external strengths and weaknesses on the
business side or IS/IT, so as to identify the needs of the future IS/IT portfolio needed (Prasetya,
2006). In research using the EAP method is a strategy that can be used to help align existing
businesses with existing technology. This method can identify starting from business processes
to planning the implementation of information systems to be created (Djalal et al., 2015).
The role of information systems only serves as a support in terms of operational cost
efficiency, increasing operational accuracy and productivity, so now its role can be increased
as one of the strategic tools to improve competitiveness and decision making . There are three
main objectives of efforts to implement IS / IT in a company or organization, namely first is to
automate various processes with the aim of improving work efficiency, second is to maximize
management effectiveness by meeting information needs for decision making, and the third is
to add competitive advantage and improve company competitiveness by changing styles and
ways of doing business (Wallace et al., 2000).
In strategic information system planning, a complete and easy-to-use methodology is
needed. Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) is a method developed to build enterprise
architecture. The EAP stage involves 7 (seven) blocks, each of which is built through 4 (four)
stages, namely the Planning Initialization stage, the current Enterprise Condition Review stage
(business modeling and current systems and technology), the Enterprise Plan Review stage in
the future (data architecture, application architecture and technology architecture), and the last
stage of the Implementation Plan so as to produce a Blueprint that can later be used as a
reference for information system development (Wallace et al., 2000).
Enterprise Architecture Planning successfully outlines the organizational conditions and
business processes carried out at UOGP. In the study, organizational needs, especially in
business processes in the academic and information technology fields were studied by
considering the interests of the organization at UOGP, the enterprise architecture of
information systems that was successfully created will be a reference for short-term and long-
term technology (Heart et al., 1998). Meanwhile, in research conducted at the University of
Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan, there are problems in the academic department, where the
management of academic activities of each faculty has developed supporting information
systems for their respective academic activities, so that what happens is the difficulty in
integrating data between different systems and often overlapping features with existing
information systems. So the problem of information systems in the Academic section of the
University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan will be found to solve the problem. This
research focuses on designing strategic information system blueprints in the academic section
Design of Strategic Information System Blueprint with Enterprise Architecture Planning
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using the Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) method (Supriadi et al., 2019). This research
is expected to contribute to the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan in improving
service quality and organizational performance.
Based on the background presented above, the problem can be formulated as follows:
How to make a blueprint for designing a strategic information system at the University of
Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan to improve academic services?
In solving the problem, this research uses a case study approach on qualitative methods
in data collection that will be analyzed to find out the most significant data in producing the
results of the Blueprint for Information System Development at UMKT. The purpose of this
study is to contribute research results that can be used as a blueprint design for strategic
information systems that can support the decision-making process of the leadership of the
University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan.
RESEARCH METHOD
This study uses the Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) Method because it is
considered by researchers to have the best exposure to solve the problems raised. While the
research methodology uses qualitative with a case study approach (Tetnowski, 2015).
Data collection techniques are the most strategic step in research, because the main
purpose of research is to obtain data. Data collection can be done in a variety of sources, and
in a variety of ways. When viewed from the data source, the data collection can use primary
data sources, namely data sources that directly provide data to data collectors and secondary
data which are data sources that do not directly provide data to data collectors, or it can be said
that secondary data can be obtained through other people or documents. Furthermore, when
viewed in terms of data collection methods or techniques, data collection techniques can be
done by
1. Observation
With this method, researchers conduct direct analysis and observation of the activities
studied. In particular, observing the application of information systems and information
technology by collecting internal and external data at the University of Muhammadiyah East
Kalimantan.
2. Interview Method
Researchers conducted interviews to collect data by asking the research subjects
verbally for information directly. The resource persons to be interviewed are sources who
are related and relevant to the data desired by the researcher. The data obtained from the
interview will be the primary or primary data source.
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Figure. 1 Research Flow
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Data Collection Results
Data collection carried out according to interviews and observations with the Rectorate
of the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan is related to the importance of having a
strategic planning of information systems in campus academic information systems. Business
process analysis is carried out using Value Chain. The results of data analysis are used as a
basis for producing strategic planning of academic information systems in academic services.
Value Chain Analysis Results
In the structure of a compulsory college can indicate which parts and what can represent
that can be handled by the institution of higher education in this case the institution of higher
education (Graham et al., 2013). So that in determining the organizational structure will be
very decisive in the business modeling step. University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan
as a higher education institution, its business process cannot be separated from carrying out
a Tri Dharma obligation of higher education, namely education, research and community
service. So that the main functional areas can be described based on the concept of Value
Chain (value chain) in figure 2 below which in general can be grouped into main activities
and supporting activities.
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Figure 2. Value Chain University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan
The main activity consists of:
a. New Student Admission
Student admission can be explained as activities that include several processes
including the process of accepting new students, selecting new students, and collecting new
students.
b. Education Delivery
The implementation of education is a process that includes academic administrative
processes related to the curriculum, lecture processes, examinations, managing transcripts
and other academic processes.
c. Graduation Process
The implementation of the graduation process is an activity that accommodates the
graduation process starting from graduation registration to the student graduation
procession.
d. Alumni
Alumni management is an activity to manage alumni data, distribution of alumni
workplaces and as a career center to assist alumni in finding job vacancies.
Supporting activities consist of:
a. Financial management
b. Human resource management
c. Community service
Future Enterprise Fist
At the enterprise planning stage in the future, architectural modeling is carried out based
on the Results of Value Chain Analysis and business Boubaker et al., (2014) process modeling
that has been carried out in the previous stage and refers to the results of the analysis of the
current condition of systems and information technology at the University of Muhammadiyah
East Kalimantan.
Data architecture
Data architecture has the purpose of defining data that will be used to develop and build
the architecture of an application. Based on the steps contained in EAP, the data architecture is
defined into 2 (two), namely:
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Data entity candidate
Candidate entities are entities that will be part of the architectural planning of the
institution, so the determination must be based on the conditions of the main business functions
in the value chain described earlier, based on this description, the entity to be defined is a
business entity and based on the business entity it can be defined data entity. Based on the list
contained in the value chain list, the list of main business entities can be defined as follows:
1. New student admissions entity
2. Education delivery entity
3. Graduation entity
4. Alumni Entity
Figure 3. ERD New Student Admission
Figure 4. ERD Course Process
The purpose of creating and defining application architecture is to define the main
applications needed to organize data and can support the business of the agency or organization.
The architecture of this application in EAP is part that must be defined
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Table 1. Application Candidates
NO
Application Groups
Application
Number
App Name
1
New Student Admission
Information System
01:01
PMB Budgeting
01:02
Prospective Student Registration on Campus
01:03
Online Prospective Student Registration
01:04
General Proficiency Test
01:05
TKU Result Processing
01:06
Re-register New Students
01:07
Freshman List
2
Academic information
systems
02:01
Curriculum Management
02:02
Academic Calendar
02:03
Guardianship Process and Management
02:04
KRS Preparation & Changes
02:05
Student Administration
02:06
Academic Leave Administration
02:07
Exam Administration
02:08
Seminar Administration PKL
02:09
Thesis Administration
02:10
KHS
02:11
Online Academic Information
3
Graduation
03:01
Student Status Assignment
03:02
Transcript Generation
03:04
Diploma Making
4
Alumni
04:01
Alumni Data Collection
04:02
Alumni Usage Data Collection
Technology architecture
Based on what has been obtained in the data architecture and application architecture
described above, at this stage will be defined how the application of technology to
applications that have been defined (Zheng et al., 2017). This section will also describe
enterprise network architecture and architecture. system in the business process of the
University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan, based on the business system that has been
described in the previous stage.
This stage of the system and technology, there are hardware, software, and network
systems used at the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan. The network architecture
to be defined is a proposed architecture, to improve or add to the support capabilities of
applications that have been defined in the previous stage
The proposed network architecture design adds 2 (two) servers, namely DNS servers
that will provide services so that the entire academic community can connect to the internet,
while web hosting servers are used to support previous Web Hosting Servers that only use 1
(one) web hosting server, so that they can also be used by the student community. Both
servers can also make it possible to support application development patterns based on online
applications.
From the description of the network architecture proposal above, it is also necessary to
propose a business system architecture at the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan.
This business system architecture is obtained from the main business processes that will be
carried out by the institution, where each business function is derived to become an application.
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Implementation Plan
The implementation plan has the purpose of formulating and preparing plans for the
implementation of the architecture that has been designed, the architecture is data
architecture, application architecture and technology architecture. The implementation plan
is the last stage in the EAP method.
East Kalimantan.
a. Order of Application Implementation Plan
The order of application implementation is based on the relationship between the
application and existing data entities and is presented on a matrix of data, where the matrix
is the result of the application architecture that has benefits, as follows:
1) The data can show the state of data sharing application architecture data sharing.
2) Used in making the order of what applications will be built using references, applications
that generate data must be in
Implement it first than applications that require data. Based on the reference above,
the implementation plan based on the data driven model can be sorted as suggested in the
EAP method, then the stages that will or must be implemented by making changes to the
order of columns and rows in the application matrix to the data, will form coordinates and
marked with the character C = Create.
Applications that have been sorted will be grouped into implementation roadmap
groups, depedency data is not the only determinant of the order of applications to be built
There are several other factors that must be considered, namely: benefits, needs, risks, and
their direct impact on the organization can be used as the next reference in implementing
applications.
Based on the data shown by table 2 below, 24 applications that support the
organization's main business functions can be identified, and all of these applications do not
exist at all and there are about 10 (ten) applications that are very potential to be developed
immediately.
Table 2. Application Implementation Sequence
No
Applikasi SI
Month Start
Month Completed
Duration
1
PMB budgeting
1
3
2
2
Online New Student Registration
1
3
2
3
Academic Information System
3
6
3
4
Academic Calendar Preparation
6
7
1
5
Elarning
7
9
2
6
Administration of PKL Seminar & Thesis
9
10
1
7
Curriculum Management
10
11
1
8
Diploma Making
11
12
2
9
Alumni Data Collection System
12
14
2
10
Trust Process & Management
14
16
2
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Table 3. Roadmap Implementation Plan
No
Information
System
Applications
Strart
Finish
Year Ke-1
Year Ke-2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
1
PMB budgeting
01-Jan
01-Mar
2
Online New
Student
Registration
01-Jan
01-Mar
3
Academic
Information
System
01-Mar
01-Jun
4
Academic
Calendar
Preparation
01-Jun
01-Jul
5
Elarning
01-Jul
01-Sep
6
Administration of
PKL Seminar &
Thesis
01-Sep
01-Oct
7
Curriculum
Management
01-Oct
01-Nov
8
Making diplomat
01-Nov
01-Dec
9
Alumni Data
Collection System
01-Dec
01-Feb
10
Trust Process &
Management
01-Feb
01-Apr
1) Planning The implementation of all applications on the roadmap will be carried out by 2
(teams) consisting of 4 programmers and 2 system analysts and system design.
2) The average processing schedule takes between 30 to 90 days for each application
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of modeling that has been carried out by creating an enterprise
architecture with the Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) method, it can be concluded that
enterprise architecture is needed by the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan in order
to have a standard enterprise information architecture and can be used as a guideline in
developing information systems.
The EAP model that has been created and proposed is not the final architecture of the
information system of the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan, so that the
architecture has a maximum limit that can be used for the next 5 (five) years so that the
University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan will continue to develop strategic planning of
information systems.
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Copyright holders:
Reza Jakaria Rahmanto, Wing Wahyu Winarno, M Rudyanto Arief (2023)
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Injurity - Interdiciplinary Journal and Humanity
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