BAKARO RECREATION PARK IN MANOKWARI REGENCY – HERITAGE ARCHITECTURE

Manokwari Regency's Bakaro Recreation Park is a project to develop a lively and sustainable recreational area for the locals and tourists. This multipurpose park will combine recreational elements including playgrounds, green areas, walking trails, picnic sites, and lodging areas with the natural beauty of the surrounding landscape. Additionally, the design will include aspects that pay tribute to the region's indigenous traditions, which means it is heritage in the site. Environmental sustainability is one of the project's main objectives, with an emphasis on eco-friendly landscaping employing local flora and landscape elements. In summary, Bakaro Recreation Park aims to create a treasured place for leisure while representing environmental preservation and community pride by integrating nature, recreation, culture, and sustainability harmonically.

a. Interview: Holding direct Q&A sessions with institutions or people who are knowledgeable about and connected to the design object.b.Literature Review: In-depth analysis of the design theme and title is done here.c. Observation: Gaining firsthand knowledge of the site's conditions by conducting direct observations at locations associated with the design object.d.Comparative Study: Using online resources and literature reviews, contextual studies of comparable items or facilities are carried out.2. Methods to Data Processing (Design Methods) a. Design Experiment: Using a transformation process to visualize forms in two or three dimensions, design concepts are tested through trial and error.b.Image Study: Analyzing object forms visually in order to develop design concepts that complement the design's title and theme.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The following outcomes in terms of data gathering were attained: 1. Recreation Park Recreational parks are lovely settings for mental and physical renewal.
Coltier in Salvador & Chan, (2007) defines a recreational park as a "closed universe" where the goal is to combine the surreal atmosphere it creates with the desire of visitors to pay for the experience.Recreation Park typhology explained as follows: a. Historic Typology The world's oldest recreational park, Dyrehavsbakken or Bakken in Copenhagen, Denmark, was first opened in 1583 as a royal hunting ground and currently has 101 rides and a variety of restaurants.The first recreational parks in America date back to the sixteenth century in Europe, where sports and Le, (2022) leisure activities were progressively incorporated into public parks.The 19th-century shift from fairgrounds to parks was a pivotal moment that influenced the development of public recreation areas in the 20th century.After Disneyland opened in 1955, theme parks all over the world began to expand, starting with the Efteling Recreational Park in the Netherlands and continuing through the evolution of parks in Asia, including Happy Valley Park in Singapore and the New World Amusement Park.Indonesia's first recreational park, Taman Impian Jaya Ancol, was built in 1966 after construction started in 1960 and was modeled after Disneyland.b.Functional Typology Recreational parks serve the following categories of purposes: 1) Strengthening the local economy by expanding commercial and tourism prospects.
2) Offering tourists cultural experiences and educational insights through a range of exhibits and attractions.3) Providing distinctive leisure spaces where visitors can immerse themselves in fresh and interesting experiences, like exhilarating rides and enthralling performances.4) Offering guests a tranquil getaway from their everyday schedules, giving them the chance to decompress and take in unusual tales and sights that they wouldn't normally come across.5) Presenting educational stories that highlight the background and significance of the park's attractions while highlighting the value of animal welfare and environmental preservation.6) Promoting personal growth via a range of leisure pursuits, inspiring guests to take risks and pick up new abilities and knowledge.
7) Promoting visitor bonding and social interactions so that families and friends can make lasting impressions.It also helps people make new friends with complete strangers and has the potential to create unique experiences through interactions with park staff.c.Form Typology Two common typologies found in recreational parks are the "hub and spoke" and "loop" forms : a) Hub and Spoke: A focal point that links to numerous pathways, or spokes, that lead to different park amenities and attractions is what defines the hub and spoke design.The hub facilitates easy access to various locations and acts as a focal point, allowing guests to navigate around the site with ease.This arrangement maximizes the use of available space, guaranteeing effective exploration without the possibility of getting lost.b) Loop A recreational park's loop design is characterized by a continuous, circular pathway encircling the park's main features.This design makes navigation simple and guarantees that visitors can explore all of the park's important features without having to backtrack or encounter dead ends.This smooth design offers a well-organized and unified journey, improving the overall experience for visitors.

d. Style typology
Recreationalpark styles use a variety of facade design and theme techniques, presenting contrasting, thematic elements or incorporating elements that harmonize with the surrounding environment to create unique and captivating experiences for guests.Recreationalpark styles are varied and include cultural heritage-focused traditional styles, opulent presidential styles reflecting grandeur and historic significance, innovative yet artistic postmodern styles, immersive entertainment-focused theme park styles, and new traditional styles fusing traditional aesthetics with contemporary elements to create a harmonious and modern atmosphere.As a example a rich architectural experience can be had at Jatim Park 1 in Batu, Indonesia, which combines postmodern and traditional designs with traditional Javanese structures and symbolic representations of presidents.All ages are entertained by the park's captivating theme attractions, and the addition of the new traditional style results in a striking tribute to Javanese culture that guarantees an engrossing exploration of Indonesia's rich architectural legacy.

Site Evaluation
The following elements are part of the design's site selection criteria: a.A well-known tourist destination should be the site of choice to guarantee high foot traffic and visibility.b.It's imperative to be accessible to cars and pedestrians alike.c.The design of the site ought to be in keeping with its intended use, emphasizing its potential as a tourist destination.d.To accommodate a variety of recreational amenities, a sizable land area is preferred.e. Being close to residential areas is advantageous since it draws potential tourists and guarantees easy access for locals.Bakaro Village, Manokwari Regency, West Papua province is the location of the design object based on the location selection criteria.
There are three tribes in Manokwari, but two of them are the most important: the Doreri and the Arfak (Ronsumbre, 2020).Both have distinct cultures that are influenced by the geography in which they live.
Finally, because the site is located on the coast and has its own cultural characteristics, the physical potential and cultural characteristics of the area must be optimized as part of an integrative (integrated) coastal area planning and design effort (Pingkan Peggy Egam & Rengkung, 2015).

This will be heritage to showcase: a. Fish summoning ritual
The locals have a custom of calling fish by using whistles and offering food in the form of anthills to persuade the fish to surface from the water and approach.Many tribes still perform this ritual, but they think there's a magical element that makes it effective at West Papua Province Manokwari Regency East Manokwari District calling fish.According to one of the summoners, he assured that this summoning does not have a magical element, despite what some visitors believe.This caller believes that techniques for catching fish without using poison or bombing fish habitats are required.
Giving the fish a termite nest and calling it with a whistle allows the fish to call itself.Fish species include Ocean-Pacific sergeant, parrot fish, trevally fish, and others.This gift and talent has now been quoted from one of the elders who is the summoner and has passed it down to his wife and children, and he has stated that visitors can also experience summoning this fish.

Figure 3. Fish Summoning Ritual b. Kaki Seribu House
The Arfak Tribe (Hatam, Meyakh, Sougb, and Moile) constructed a particular style of traditional home known as the "traditional kaki seribu house."This structure was dubbed a "kaki seribu" because so much wood was used in its construction (Hematang, Setyowati, & Hardiman, 2014;Nur Istiqomah, 2021).The Rumsom House's purpose is to teach the young men who reside there about farming, fishing, warfare, dancing, carpentry, and boat building (Haba, 2012).The Arfak tribe, who inhabit Manokwari, is known for their traditional dance, the Tumbu Tanah.Due to the dance's resemblance to a snake coiling around a tree, it is also known as the snake dance.This dance is typically performed to celebrate significant occasions like marriage ceremonies, the arrival of guests from outside the Arfak community, and war victories (Aprianto, 2019).
The following outcomes in terms of data processed were attained: 1. Concept Natural and cultural heritage will influence the design of the object in order to create a space that can display the diversity of this heritage.The Heritage Architecture approach emphasizes the significance of preserving and displaying cultural and natural heritage in a space (Paul & Roy, 2017).Combining a recreational and tourism heritage with natural and cultural heritage conservation is a delicate and critical balance that many regions strive for (Hamm, 2023).
Participation of local communities in developing regional planning based on local culture is critical in this case and when developing design concepts.Participation of society is viewed as an alternative and idea for implementing development sustainability in a city (Pingkan Peggy Egam & Rengkung, 2015).Because this heritage must be seen in the long term, particularly for local communities, sustainability must be incorporated into the planning concept.Sustainable tourism development is expected to ensure the survival of natural resources, the economy, and local wisdom (Fatimah, 2020).
For concept, creative-tourism also considered for make childern and families enjoy the heritage itself.Visitors to creative tourism participate in hands-on, interactive experiences that connect them to the local culture and heritage.Gil, (2019) When applied to local heritage, creative tourism can provide one-of-a-kind and authentic encounters that help to preserve and promote cultural assets.
To make such as wonderful place in a site full of cultural and natural heritage uniqueness need a well planning.Details of planning must be adjusted to suit the characteristics of the location, particularly the existing division of cultural space.Planning entails not only the physical arrangement of space, but also the surrounding community activities, cultural activities, rules and policies, and the upkeep of cultural heritage objects and the spaces around them (Pingkan Peggy Egam & Mishima, 2014).
As a result, the Bakaro Recreation Park's des.ign will reflect the influence of cultural and natural heritage in every aspect.This is a brief description of how the theme's principles are applied or implemented:

Local Elements
The interior spaces make use of regional elements.
The object's mass also demonstrates a combination of local elements.
Because of the use of local elements, the design object serves as a recreation that educates visitors about culture and local elements.
Local element principles dominate the use of materials.

Replica
Creating spaces that make use of architectural heritage In land zoning planning, the function and nature of each space is considered to be placed in accordance with a study of the site and the surrounding environment.

Figure 6. Zoning Plan
The sun's direction, the wind's direction, noise levels, and the site's exterior view all play a role in where the building mass is positioned.This building's building masses are all oriented with the best view toward the beach.In addition to having a view of the beach, the site's orientation towards the beach is thought to be unaffected by afternoon light because of the sun setting to the west of it.The site's pedestrian circulation system receives greater attention and a larger portion.Turtles and birds of paradise serve as inspiration for the circulation form, which embodies the theme.Every tribe in Manokwari has a great deal of respect for these two creatures.

Figure 8. Pedestrian Circulation
To make it easier for guests to transport vehicles, vehicle circulation is made directly or not twisted, and it is adjusted for pedestrian traffic and vehicle size.A green lane with vegetation planted in it separates traffic flow for vehicles and pedestrians.The transformation of this object's geometric configuration is inspired by traditional houses, emphasizing its commitment to preserving and respecting cultural heritage.The implementation of the theme in the mass of the building can be seen by using the characteristics of traditional West Papuan houses.As we can see at figure 12, the site plan is modified to accommodate the existing space's zoning.To make it easier for visitors to find the location, the main entrance is located directly in front of the main road.Public spaces and facilities such as information centers, aquariums, and restaurants are located in the center of the site to make them easily accessible, while camping areas are located in the private zone to avoid noise from public areas.
The fish summoning attraction section is located directly in front of the beach because its function requires it to be there so that visitors can get a better view of the fish summoning.Beach recreation, like fish summoning, is located near the beach.This site's planning also called for public open space.Public open space is an open space that is always located outside the mass of buildings and can be used by anyone and provides opportunities for a variety of activities (P P Egam, Thambas, Siregar, Waani, & Lakat, 2023).So for public open space there are amphitheater for displaying West Papuan dances and cultural performances.In addition, the Matoa garden and labyrinth are located in public areas.With the creation of open spaces that display various cultural and natural heritage owned by Manokwari Regency, educational theme principles were implemented.
The service and management area are also located in the private and service areas and are protected by barriers to prevent unauthorized visitors from entering.The parking area is located near the main entrance and is shaded by vegetation.The main building in this recreation park, the fish summoning attraction, is designed in the style of a traditional Rumah Rumsram house.This fish summoning attraction is also designed to be long in order to accommodate visitors comfortably and provide the best view of the fish summoning.There are two buildings dedicated to this attraction, one for information about the attraction's history and what types of fish can be summoned, and the other for visitors to see how the fish are summoned.Both buildings' facades depict sea waves on Bakaro Beach, with illustrations of fish inspired by the type of fish they are named after.

Figure 13. Fish Summoning Attraction Elevation b) Infromation center
The information center is designed in the shape of a traditional Rumah Kaki Seribu, which also serves as a welcome center for visitors.As for the interior and exterior, the use of local elements and materials is used to explain the existing culture's identity.The placement of existing buildings and green areas is intended to create a series of visions that will keep visitors interested.As we can see from the outside of the building, either the facade or the open area around it, the function of the building can be explained.For example, the fish calling attraction building has a large fish statue as the vocal point of the recreation park to attract visitors' attention and become the park's main identity.This heritage architecture theme is used to highlight the park's cultural and natural heritage as the most important feature.The use of local elements, for example, is a theme element used in the site layout, building design, interior and exterior.Architectural heritage duplication is also used in building design.Heritage education is included to strengthen the identity of that heritage.The use of locally sourced materials also helps to preserve existing cultural and natural heritage.
The park's versatile attributes, which encompass communal areas, customary architectural elements, artistic representations of culture, and informative signposts, collectively serve as a living embodiment of the enduring customs upheld by the Arfak and Doreri tribes.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Site map 3. Heritage ArchitectureHeritage is defined by the KBBI as something that is inherited, etymologically speaking.According toUNESCO (1972) Heritage, (2014), world heritage is divided into two categories: cultural heritage and natural heritage.The first category was cultural heritage, which included monuments, groups of buildings, and sites.Natural features, geological and physiographical formations, and natural sites are all considered for natural heritage.Local culture is what is inherited in this instance.Heritage architecture, broadly speaking, refers to any buildings or structures that are integral to a place's history and culture and have significant historical or cultural value.These types of buildings require conservation in order to be preserved.Understanding what natural and cultural heritage the design object can offer is necessary when designing with a heritage architectural design theme.In terms of the cultures on display, the customs that are worthy of being showcased, and the narratives you hope to portray through the design piece.The following is an explanation of the principles: a. Local knowledge or elements are used b.Local historic buildings are being duplicated c.Local resources are utilized d.Continue to be sustainable to preserve current legacies over time.e. Local history education has a component.

Figure 5 .
Figure 5. Rumsram House d.Tumbu Tanah Traditional DanceThe Arfak tribe, who inhabit Manokwari, is known for their traditional dance, the Tumbu Tanah.Due to the dance's resemblance to a snake coiling around a tree, it is also known as the snake dance.This dance is typically performed to celebrate significant

Figure 7 .
Figure 7. Mass Placement in Site a. Accessibility on SiteThe site's pedestrian circulation system receives greater attention and a larger portion.Turtles and birds of paradise serve as inspiration for the circulation form, which embodies the theme.Every tribe in Manokwari has a great deal of respect for these two creatures.

Figure
Figure 9. Vehicle Circulation

Figure 10 .
Figure 10.Mass Configuration of Fish Summoning Mass

Figure
Figure 12.Site Plan 2) Building Design and Façade a) Fish Summoning AtrractionThe main building in this recreation park, the fish summoning attraction, is designed in the style of a traditional Rumah Rumsram house.This fish summoning attraction is also designed to be long in order to accommodate visitors comfortably and provide the best view of the fish summoning.There are two buildings dedicated to this attraction, one for information about the attraction's history and what types of fish can be summoned, and the other for visitors to see how the fish are summoned.Both buildings' facades depict sea waves on Bakaro Beach, with illustrations of fish inspired by the type of fish they are named after.
Figure 14.Information Center Elevation c) Interior and ExteriorAs for the interior and exterior, the use of local elements and materials is used to explain the existing culture's identity.The placement of existing buildings and green areas is intended to create a series of visions that will keep visitors interested.

Figure 15 .
Figure 15.Fish Summoning Attraction and Information Center Interior

Figure 17 .
Figure 17.Human Eye View Perspective of the Building